When considering the mechanical properties of plastic pipes, impact resistance is a key factor. Generally, PVC has a lower impact resistance compared to Polyolefins (PO) like PE and PP.
The common method for testing impact resistance in plastic pipes is via a falling weight test, not methods like the Charpy test. Several aspects are critical during testing, including temperature (ambient, freezing point, or -20°C), the weight of the falling tup, and its radius. Lower test temperatures bring the material closer to a ductile-to-brittle failure transition, significantly reducing its ability to absorb energy. The processing quality, specifically achieving an optimal network of tie-molecules, is essential for maximizing impact values. ABS material offers higher impact resistance and is used in cold climates for this reason.
Higher impact resistance is beneficial in cold climates or applications where external impacts are a concern.